A mass balance approach to estimate the dilution and removal of the pollutants in stream water polluted by acid mine drainage     

J.-Y. Yu 《Environmental Geology》1998,36(3-4):271-276

 A few simple mass balance equations were developed to simultaneously estimate how much the pollutants from acid mine drainage (AMD) in stream water are diluted and removed during their migration. The application of the equations requires knowledge of the variations in the concentrations of the dissolved pollutants and the stoichiometry of the precipitation reaction of the pollutants when none of the pollutant shows a conservative behavior along the stream path. The calculation should be restricted to the pollutants showing much higher concentrations in the polluted main stream water than in the combining or diluting water of the same target area. The mass balance equations were applied to estimate the dilution factor and precipitation fractions of pollutants in Imgok Creek such as Fe, SO₄ and Al from the AMD of Yeongdong mine. The results show that the estimation, especially for SO₄ and Al, significantly depends on the kinds of the precipitates. When FeOHSO₄ and AlOHSO₄ are assumed to precipitate, the maximum removal fractions of SO₄ and Al by precipitation are respectively 34% and 46% of the original input, which is much higher than the values estimated when SO₄ is considered to be perfectly conservative. It indicates that the stoichiometry of precipitation reaction is very important in the interpretation of the pollutant dilution and migration and assessment of environmental impacts of AMD. The applicability of the mass balance equations may still need to be verified. However, examining the calculated dilution factor and precipitation fractions with the equations can provide invaluable information on not only the behavior but also unexpected input of the pollutants in the stream water polluted by AMD and other point sources. Received: 12 November 1997 · Accepted: 30 March 1998  相似文献   

Evolution of the angular momentum of primordial black holes in a hot universe     

G. S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan  O. Yu. Tsupko 《Astrophysics》2007,50(4):544-547

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The X10 Flare on 29 October 2003: Was It Triggered by Magnetic Reconnection between Counter-Helical Fluxes?     

Yu Liu  Hiroki Kurokawa  Chang Liu  David H. Brooks  Jingping Dun  Takako T. Ishii  Hongqi Zhang 《Solar physics》2007,240(2):253-262

Vector magnetograms taken at Huairou Solar Observing Station (HSOS) and Mees Solar Observatory (MSO) reveal that the super active region (AR) NOAA 10486 was a complex region containing current helicity flux of opposite signs. The main positive sunspots were dominated by negative helicity fields, while positive helicity patches persisted both inside and around the main positive sunspots. Based on a comparison of two days of deduced current helicity density, pronounced changes associated with the occurrence of an X10 flare that peaked at 20:49 UT on 29 October 2003 were noticed. The average current helicity density (negative) of the main sunspots decreased significantly by about 50%. Accordingly, the helicity densities of counter-helical patches (positive) were also found to decay by the same proportion or more. In addition, two hard X-ray (HXR) “footpoints” were observed by the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) during the flare in the 50 – 100 keV energy range. The cores of these two HXR footpoints were adjacent to the positions of two patches with positive current helicity that disappeared after the flare. This strongly suggested that the X10 flare on 29 October 2003 resulted from reconnection between magnetic flux tubes having opposite current helicity. Finally, the global decrease of current helicity in AR 10486 by ∼50% can be understood as the helicity launched away by the halo coronal mass ejection (CME) associated with the X10 flare. Electronic Supplementary Material The online version of this article () contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.  相似文献   

长春双阳地震台数字水管仪倾斜潮汐观测质量评定   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

于天龙  陈耿琦  李海燕  符岩峰  张可佳  张宗峰 《大地测量与地球动力学》2007,27(Z1):89-92

对双阳地震台DSQ型水管倾斜仪2001～2006年倾斜潮汐观测资料作了质量评定,检定结果显示:观测资料连续,仪器观测状况稳定,年零漂、年变幅小,噪声水平低.  相似文献   

Complex interpretation of geophysical and geochemical data for the prognosis of mineralization: A case study of the upper Amur region     

D. L. Vyunov  M. Yu. Nosyrev  V. A. Stepanov 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2007,413(3):384-387

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Optical spectroscopy of the radio pulsar PSR B0656+14     

S. Zharikov  R. E. Mennickent  Yu. Shibanov  V. Komarova 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2007,308(1-4):545-549

We have obtained the spectrum of a middle-aged PSR B0656+14 in the 4300–9000 Å range with the ESO/VLT/FORS2. Preliminary results show that at 4600–7000 Å the spectrum is almost featureless and flat with a spectral index α _ν ??0.2 that undergoes a change to a positive value at longer wavelengths. Combining with available multiwavelength data suggests two wide, red and blue, flux depressions whose frequency ratio is about 2 and which could be the 1st and 2nd harmonics of electron/positron cyclotron absorption formed at magnetic fields ～10⁸ G in upper magnetosphere of the pulsar.  相似文献   

Numerical modeling of secondary migration and its applications to Chang-6 Member of Yanchang Formation (Upper Triassic), Longdong area,Ordos Basin,China     

Luo  XiaoRong  Yu  Jian  Zhang  LiuPing  Yang  Yang  Chen  RuiYin  Chen  ZhanKun  Zhou  Bo 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2007,50(2):91-102

Mathematic modeling, established on the basis of physical experiments, is becoming an increasingly important tool in oil and gas migration studies. This technique is based on the observation that hydrocarbon migration tends to take relative narrow pathways. A mathematical model of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation is constructed using the percolation theory. It is then calibrated using physical experimental results, and is tested under a variety of conditions, to understand the applicability of the model in different migration cases. Through modeling, dynamic conditions of large-scale migration pathways within homogeneous formations can be evaluated. Basin-scale hydrocarbon migration pathways and their characteristics are analyzed during the model application to the Chang-8 Member of the Triassic Yanchang Formation in Longdong area of Ordos Basin. In heterogeneous formations, spatial changes in fluid potential determine the direction of secondary migration, and heterogeneity controls the characteristics and geometry of secondary migration pathways.

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A. B. Perepelov  M. Yu. Puzankov  A. V. Ivanov  T. M. Filosofova  E. I. Demonterova  E. V. Smirnova  L. A. Chuvashova  T. A. Yasnygina 《Petrology》2007,15(6):623

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基于SoC的家庭网关的研究与设计     

王渝  蔡淮 《成都信息工程学院学报》2007,22(4):495-498

家庭网关是家庭信息案,设计了一种基于SoC的家庭网关平台,并详细介绍了其开发流程.  相似文献   

The Origin and Acceleration of ~3He and Heavy Ions in the 2000 July 14 Event     

Gui-Ping Wu  Guang-Li Huang  Yu-Hua Tang  Yu Dai Department of Physics  Southeast University  Nanjing  Purple Mountain Observatory  Chinese Academy of Sciences  Nanjing Department of Astronomy  Nanjing University  Nanjing 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2007,7(1):141-147

1INTRODUCTIONEnrichment of3He and heavy ions(i.e.,Ne,Mg,Si and Fe),characteristic of impulsive?ares,have beenstudied for more than three decades.It is found that they are generally associated with nonthermal energeticelectron-rich events(Reames et al.1988;Reames1999and references therein;Ho et al.2001;Wang et al.2006)and are related to the peculiar ratio of charge to mass(Mazur et al.1996;Reames1999).Althoughthe abundance of3He ions is not correlated with the abundance of heavy ions,s…  相似文献